Configure Rsync and Inotify on Linux
测试环境
- wxbak.egolife.com CentOS 5.5 inotify-tools-3.14-1.el5
- nxbak.egolife.com CentOS 5.5 xinetd-2.3.14-10.el5
测试前，先安装好所需要的软件包。测试中，进行了wxbak、nxbak的双向同步测试。
这里仅列出单向测试记录。
- nxbak上安装xinetd服务，充当rsync服务端；
- wxbak上安装inotify-tools，可以实时监测wxbak机上指定文件夹的变化，并触发相应的事件，激活rsync以实时同步文件系统的变化到nxbak机上。
具体如下：
服务端
1.开启rsync服务
编辑 /etc/xinetd.d/rsync文件
[root@nxbak]# cat /etc/xinetd.d/rsync
# default: off
# description: The rsync server is a good addition to an ftp server, as it \
# allows crc checksumming etc.
service rsync
{
disable = no
socket_type = stream
wait = no
user = root
server = /usr/bin/rsync
server_args = --daemon
log_on_failure += USERID
}
将disable = yes 改为 disable = no
2.配置rsync服务
创建/etc/rsyncd.conf
[root@nxbak]# vim /etc/rsyncd.conf
#2012-06-11 [email protected] settings for rsync server
#rsync backup side settings
uid = root
gid = root
use chroot = no
max connections = 200
timeout = 600
strict modes = yes
port = 873
pid file = /var/run/rsyncd.pid
lock file = /var/run/rsyncd.lock
log file = /var/log/rsyncd.log
#backup fs settings
[nxbak]
path = /data/nxbak
ignore errors
comment = rsync rman backup
auth users=oracle
uid = root
gid = root
secrets file = /etc/rsync_server.pwd
read only = no
list = no
hosts allow = 192.168.1.118
hosts deny = 0.0.0.0/32
3.密码文件
创建/etc/rsync_server.pwd
[root@nxbak]# vim /etc/rsync_server.pwd
oracle:security
修改权限
[root@nxbak]# chmod 600 /etc/rsync_server.pwd
[root@nxbak]# ll /etc/rsync_server.pwd
-rw------- 1 root root 17 Jun 12 11:43 /etc/rsync_server.pwd
客户端
1.密码文件
[root@wxbak ]# vim /etc/rsync_client.pwd
security
修改权限
[root@wxbak]# chmod 600 /etc/rsync_client.pwd
[root@wxbak]# ll /etc/rsync_client.pwd
-rw------- 1 root root 10 Jun 12 11:42 /etc/rsync_client.pwd
2.rsync+inotify脚本
[root@wxbak ]# cat /apps/scripts/rsync.sh
#!/bin/sh
#abstract:
#rsync auto sync script
#2012-06-11 mis_ghb first_release
#variables
current_date=$(date +%Y%m%d_%H%M%S)
rman_path=/apps/rmanbak
log_file=/var/log/rsync.log
#rsync
rsync_server=192.168.1.119
rsync_user=oracle
rsync_pwd=/etc/rsync_client.pwd
rsync_module=nxbak
#rsync_client password check
if [ ! -e ${rsync_pwd} ]; then
echo -e "rsync client password file ${rsync_pwd} does not exist!"
exit 0
fi
#inotify function
inotify_fun(){
/usr/bin/inotifywait -mrq --timefmt '%d/%m/%y-%H:%M' --format '%T%w%f' \
-e modify,delete,create,move ${rman_path} | while read file
do
/usr/bin/rsync -vrtzopg --progress --delete --password-file=${rsync_pwd} ${rman_path} ${rsync_user}@${rsync_server}::${rsync_module}
done
}
#inotify
inotify_fun >> ${log_file} 2>&1 &
测试
1.开启xinetd服务（服务端）
[root@nxbak]# service xinetd restart
Stopping xinetd: [ OK ]
Starting xinetd: [ OK ]
查看服务监听状态netstat
[root@nxbak]# netstat -nap | grep xinetd
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:873 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 5310/xinetd
或者lsof
[root@nxbak]# lsof -i:873
COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE NODE NAME
xinetd 5310 root 5u IPv4 597328 TCP *:rsync (LISTEN)
2.运行rsync脚本（客户端）
[root@wxbak ]# /apps/scripts/rsync.sh
查看脚本运行状态
[root@wxbak ]# ps -ef | grep rsync
root 29896 1 0 09:42 pts/1 00:00:00 /bin/sh /apps/scripts/rsync.sh
root 29898 29896 0 09:42 pts/1 00:00:00 /bin/sh /apps/scripts/rsync.sh
root 29902 18433 0 09:42 pts/1 00:00:00 grep rsync
3.变更同步目录（客户端）
[root@wxbak rmanbak]# pwd
/apps/rmanbak
[root@wxbak rmanbak]# touch rsync
[root@wxbak rmanbak]# touch inotify
[root@wxbak rmanbak]# ll
total 1211696
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 3414 Jun 12 13:46 20120612_134619-inc0.log
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 3038 Jun 12 13:50 20120612_134935-inc2.log
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 1664 Jun 12 23:00 20120612_230001-obsolete.log
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 3240 Jun 12 23:45 20120612_234501-inc2.log
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1112170496 Jun 12 13:46 20120612_inc0_87ndbqle_1_1.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 4096 Jun 12 13:46 20120612_inc0_89ndbqlv_1_1.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 37888 Jun 12 13:49 20120612_inc2_8andbqrg_1_1.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 319488 Jun 12 13:50 20120612_inc2_8bndbqri_1_1.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 11927552 Jun 12 13:50 20120612_inc2_8cndbqsl_1_1.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 7168 Jun 12 13:50 20120612_inc2_8dndbqsn_1_1.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 55731200 Jun 12 23:45 20120612_inc2_8endctnv_1_1.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 47374336 Jun 12 23:45 20120612_inc2_8fndcto0_1_1.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 11927552 Jun 12 23:45 20120612_inc2_8gndctp3_1_1.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 6656 Jun 12 23:45 20120612_inc2_8hndctp6_1_1.bkp
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jun 13 09:48 inotify
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jun 13 09:48 rsync
4.查看同步效果（服务端）
[oracle@nxbak rmanbak]$ pwd
/data/nxbak/rmanbak
[oracle@nxbak rmanbak]$ ll
total 1211696
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 3414 Jun 12 13:46 20120612_134619-inc0.log
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 3038 Jun 12 13:50 20120612_134935-inc2.log
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 1664 Jun 12 23:00 20120612_230001-obsolete.log
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 3240 Jun 12 23:45 20120612_234501-inc2.log
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1112170496 Jun 12 13:46 20120612_inc0_87ndbqle_1_1.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 4096 Jun 12 13:46 20120612_inc0_89ndbqlv_1_1.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 37888 Jun 12 13:49 20120612_inc2_8andbqrg_1_1.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 319488 Jun 12 13:50 20120612_inc2_8bndbqri_1_1.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 11927552 Jun 12 13:50 20120612_inc2_8cndbqsl_1_1.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 7168 Jun 12 13:50 20120612_inc2_8dndbqsn_1_1.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 55731200 Jun 12 23:45 20120612_inc2_8endctnv_1_1.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 47374336 Jun 12 23:45 20120612_inc2_8fndcto0_1_1.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 11927552 Jun 12 23:45 20120612_inc2_8gndctp3_1_1.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 6656 Jun 12 23:45 20120612_inc2_8hndctp6_1_1.bkp
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jun 13 09:48 inotify
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jun 13 09:48 rsync
5.查看日志
服务端日志
[root@nxbak]# tail -f /var/log/rsyncd.log
2012/06/12 23:46:07 [1633] params.c:Parameter() - Ignoring badly formed line in configuration file: ignore errors
2012/06/12 23:46:07 [1633] name lookup failed for 192.168.1.118: Temporary failure in name resolution
2012/06/12 23:46:07 [1633] connect from UNKNOWN (192.168.1.118)
2012/06/12 23:46:07 [1633] rsync to nxbak from oracle@unknown (192.168.1.118)
2012/06/12 23:46:07 [1633] sent 69 bytes received 589 bytes total size 1239517788
2012/06/12 23:46:07 [1635] params.c:Parameter() - Ignoring badly formed line in configuration file: ignore errors
2012/06/12 23:46:07 [1635] name lookup failed for 192.168.1.118: Temporary failure in name resolution
2012/06/12 23:46:07 [1635] connect from UNKNOWN (192.168.1.118)
2012/06/12 23:46:07 [1635] rsync to nxbak from oracle@unknown (192.168.1.118)
2012/06/12 23:46:07 [1635] sent 69 bytes received 589 bytes total size 1239517788
2012/06/13 09:49:06 [5342] params.c:Parameter() - Ignoring badly formed line in configuration file: ignore errors
2012/06/13 09:49:06 [5342] name lookup failed for 192.168.1.118: Temporary failure in name resolution
2012/06/13 09:49:06 [5342] connect from UNKNOWN (192.168.1.118)
2012/06/13 09:49:06 [5342] rsync to nxbak from oracle@unknown (192.168.1.118)
2012/06/13 09:49:06 [5342] rmanbak/
2012/06/13 09:49:06 [5342] sent 69 bytes received 675 bytes total size 1239517788
2012/06/13 09:49:12 [5344] params.c:Parameter() - Ignoring badly formed line in configuration file: ignore errors
2012/06/13 09:49:12 [5344] name lookup failed for 192.168.1.118: Temporary failure in name resolution
2012/06/13 09:49:12 [5344] connect from UNKNOWN (192.168.1.118)
2012/06/13 09:49:12 [5344] rsync to nxbak from oracle@unknown (192.168.1.118)
2012/06/13 09:49:12 [5344] rmanbak/
2012/06/13 09:49:12 [5344] sent 69 bytes received 729 bytes total size 1239517788
客户端日志
[root@wxbak]tail -f /var/log/rsync.log
sent 505 bytes received 16 bytes 1042.00 bytes/sec
total size is 1239517788 speedup is 2379112.84
building file list ...
16 files to consider
rmanbak/
rmanbak/rsync
0 100% 0.00kB/s 0:00:00 (xfer#1, to-check=0/16)
sent 591 bytes received 44 bytes 1270.00 bytes/sec
total size is 1239517788 speedup is 1951996.52
building file list ...
17 files to consider
rmanbak/
rmanbak/inotify
0 100% 0.00kB/s 0:00:00 (xfer#1, to-check=1/17)
sent 645 bytes received 44 bytes 1378.00 bytes/sec
total size is 1239517788 speedup is 1799009.85
异常
昨天在配置rsync时，出现一个新问题，提示mkdir failed: Permission denied (13)和mkstemp failed: Permission，后来查看Stackoverflow，以及以前的CentOS 5.5下rsync使用技巧与权限问题解读，发现可能是开启了SELinux导致的，因对SELinux的权限控制不熟悉，关闭SELinux，rsync即可以正常同步文件、文件夹。
rsync client log
sending incremental file list
scripts/checkalert.sh
1288 100% 0.00kB/s 0:00:00 (xfer#1, to-check=39/41)
scripts/checkbak.sh
1275 100% 1.22MB/s 0:00:00 (xfer#2, to-check=38/41)
scripts/cleaner.sh
257 100% 250.98kB/s 0:00:00 (xfer#3, to-check=37/41)
scripts/dailyduty.sh
1773 100% 1.69MB/s 0:00:00 (xfer#4, to-check=36/41)
scripts/full.rman
263 100% 256.84kB/s 0:00:00 (xfer#5, to-check=35/41)
scripts/historycleaner.sh
1721 100% 1.64MB/s 0:00:00 (xfer#6, to-check=34/41)
scripts/inc0.rman
287 100% 280.27kB/s 0:00:00 (xfer#7, to-check=33/41)
scripts/inc1.rman
275 100% 268.55kB/s 0:00:00 (xfer#8, to-check=32/41)
scripts/inc2.rman
274 100% 267.58kB/s 0:00:00 (xfer#9, to-check=31/41)
scripts/inotify
0 100% 0.00kB/s 0:00:00 (xfer#10, to-check=30/41)
scripts/obsolete.rman
192 100% 187.50kB/s 0:00:00 (xfer#11, to-check=29/41)
scripts/rman.sh
1256 100% 1.20MB/s 0:00:00 (xfer#12, to-check=28/41)
scripts/rsync.sh
844 100% 824.22kB/s 0:00:00 (xfer#13, to-check=27/41)
scripts/sql/
rsync: recv_generator: mkdir "scripts/sql" (in oa_fs) failed: Permission denied (13)
rsync: mkstemp "scripts/.checkalert.sh.J5S0do" (in oa_fs) failed: Permission denied (13)
*** Skipping any contents from this failed directory ***
rsync: mkstemp "scripts/.checkbak.sh.evfA21" (in oa_fs) failed: Permission denied (13)
rsync: mkstemp "scripts/.cleaner.sh.L6ccRF" (in oa_fs) failed: Permission denied (13)
rsync: mkstemp "scripts/.dailyduty.sh.cShQFj" (in oa_fs) failed: Permission denied (13)
rsync: mkstemp "scripts/.full.rman.tn4vuX" (in oa_fs) failed: Permission denied (13)
rsync: mkstemp "scripts/.historycleaner.sh.O2mdjB" (in oa_fs) failed: Permission denied (13)
rsync: mkstemp "scripts/.inc0.rman.xLgW7e" (in oa_fs) failed: Permission denied (13)
rsync: mkstemp "scripts/.inc1.rman.kDyGWS" (in oa_fs) failed: Permission denied (13)
rsync: mkstemp "scripts/.inc2.rman.BBHsLw" (in oa_fs) failed: Permission denied (13)
rsync: mkstemp "scripts/.inotify.w68fAa" (in oa_fs) failed: Permission denied (13)
rsync: mkstemp "scripts/.obsolete.rman.ZAO4oO" (in oa_fs) failed: Permission denied (13)
rsync: mkstemp "scripts/.rman.sh.KkEVds" (in oa_fs) failed: Permission denied (13)
rsync: mkstemp "scripts/.rsync.sh.hp2Q25" (in oa_fs) failed: Permission denied (13)
sent 6010 bytes received 260 bytes 12540.00 bytes/sec
total size is 20476 speedup is 3.27
rsync error: some files/attrs were not transferred (see previous errors) (code 23) at main.c(1039) [sender=3.0.6]
rsync server log
2013/03/28 20:14:58 [12524] connect from oaprod.tp-link.net (172.31.1.90)
2013/03/28 20:14:58 [12524] rsync to oa_fs/ from [email protected] (172.31.1.90)
2013/03/28 20:14:58 [12524] receiving file list
2013/03/28 20:14:58 [12524] rsync: recv_generator: mkdir "scripts/sql" (in oa_fs) failed: Permission denied (13)
2013/03/28 20:14:58 [12524] *** Skipping any contents from this failed directory ***
2013/03/28 20:14:58 [12524] rsync: mkstemp "scripts/.checkalert.sh.vOJStU" (in oa_fs) failed: Permission denied (13)
2013/03/28 20:14:58 [12524] rsync: mkstemp "scripts/.checkbak.sh.kpYRTQ" (in oa_fs) failed: Permission denied (13)
2013/03/28 20:14:58 [12524] rsync: mkstemp "scripts/.cleaner.sh.LwyTjN" (in oa_fs) failed: Permission denied (13)
2013/03/28 20:14:58 [12524] rsync: mkstemp "scripts/.dailyduty.sh.2ZJWJJ" (in oa_fs) failed: Permission denied (13)
2013/03/28 20:14:58 [12524] rsync: mkstemp "scripts/.full.rman.f3w29F" (in oa_fs) failed: Permission denied (13)
2013/03/28 20:14:58 [12524] rsync: mkstemp "scripts/.historycleaner.sh.K1tbAC" (in oa_fs) failed: Permission denied (13)
2013/03/28 20:14:58 [12524] rsync: mkstemp "scripts/.inc0.rman.lGzm0y" (in oa_fs) failed: Permission denied (13)
2013/03/28 20:14:58 [12524] rsync: mkstemp "scripts/.inc1.rman.2cSzqv" (in oa_fs) failed: Permission denied (13)
2013/03/28 20:14:58 [12524] rsync: mkstemp "scripts/.inc2.rman.VFAOQr" (in oa_fs) failed: Permission denied (13)
2013/03/28 20:14:58 [12524] rsync: mkstemp "scripts/.obsolete.rman.4WV6go" (in oa_fs) failed: Permission denied (13)
2013/03/28 20:14:58 [12524] rsync: mkstemp "scripts/.rman.sh.phPqHk" (in oa_fs) failed: Permission denied (13)
2013/03/28 20:14:58 [12524] rsync: mkstemp "scripts/.rsync.sh.kslM7g" (in oa_fs) failed: Permission denied (13)
2013/03/28 20:14:58 [12524] sent 1546 bytes received 6003 bytes total size 20476
Stackoverflow
Even though you got this working, I recently had a similar encounter and no SO or google searching was any help as they all dealt with basic permission issues wheres the solution below is somewhat of an off setting that you would even think to check in most situations.
One thing to check for with permission denied that I recently found having issues with rsync myself where permissions were exactly the same on both servers including the owner and group but rsync transfers worked one way on one server but not the other way.
It turned out the server with problems that I was getting permission denied from had SELinux enabled which in turn overrides POSIX permissions on files/folders. So even though the folder in question could of been 777 with root running the command SELinux was enabled and would in turn overwrite those permissions and was producing a permission denied error with rsync.
You can run the command getenforce to see if SELinux is enabled on the machine.
In my situation I ended up just disabling SELINUX completely because it wasn’t needed and already disabled on the server that was working fine and just caused problems being enabled. To disable, open /etc/selinux/config and set SELINUX=disabled. To temporarily disable you can run the command setenforce 0 which will set SELinux into a permissive state rather then enforcing state which causes it to print warnings instead of enforcing.
参考
- Inotify
- Inotify: Efficient, Real-Time Linux File System Event Monitoring
- Security-Enhanced Linux
- SELinux
- rsync-mkstemp-failed-permission-denied-13
- CentOS 5.5下rsync使用技巧与权限问题解读
- rsync日常维护
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